How can Myanmar improve its energy policy?

Expanding renewable energy sources, particularly solar, wind, and hydropower, is crucial for reducing the nation’s dependency on gas and mitigating future power shortages. Moreover, Myanmar’s energy policy must be reformed to attract foreign investment and improve governance.

What is happening in Myanmar's power sector?

Myanmar’s power sector has been severely afected by the ongoing political turmoil. The power sector has been spiralling downward since 2021 with prolonged electricity blackouts throughout the country. Electricity generation has been declining, resulting in a widening power supply–demand gap.

Does Myanmar have a power supply gap?

Myanmar’s power sector will likely continue to experience significant challenges. To sustain the current level of power supply would require adding 300-500 MW every year until 2030. Scenario analysis on the power supply–demand gap illustrates that available generating capacity is projected to not meet the growing demand.

How has Myanmar's energy infrastructure changed over the years?

The country’s energy infrastructure expanded with foreign direct investment (FDI) support and progressive government policies like the Myanmar Sustainable Development Plan 2018-2030. The total installed power capacity grew from 5,125 MW to 6,830 MW, while power output increased from 15,965 GWh to 23,643 GWh annually.

Is Myanmar a good country for electricity generation?

In fact, Myanmar is a country with significant potential for electricity generation. This is evident from the fact that even China and Thailand import natural gas from Myanmar annually. Myanmar owns 7.7% of Asia's water resources. 62% of Myanmar's current power is generated from hydroelectric sources.

How much electricity does Myanmar need?

According to the Ministry of Electric Power (MOEP), Myanmar's electricity demand is increasing by 15% to 17% annually. At present, Myanmar can only produce 3,600 megawatts. The World Bank estimates that Myanmar will need to produce a total of 8,600 megawatts by 2025, and this requirement will increase to 12,600 megawatts by 2030.